Research History Of Epitalon In Diabetes And Cognition

The topic of this article will focus on the Epitalon peptide and the multiple diabetes studies conducted on it over the years. If you are interested in learning more, keep reading!

Studies suggest lymphocyte production in the thymus may be boosted with age, thanks to the short peptide Epithalon. This is significant since diminishing interferon-gamma expression in lymphocytes is strongly linked to impaired immunological function in mature test models. It is hypothesized that Epithalon may boost immunological function in laboratory test models by increasing lymphocyte interferon-gamma synthesis. [i]

Studies suggest combining Epithalon and Melatonin has shown the potential to mitigate the effects of premature aging in rats. Russian researchers Korenevsky et al. examined the effects of light pollution (i.e., a lack of darkness essential for melatonin generation) on the estrogen cycles of young, mature, and elderly female rats. Research suggested combining Epithalon and Melatonin overcame detrimental environmental impacts by stabilizing and correcting many HPG axis deficits. [ii] [iii], [iv], [v]

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Anisimov VN has prepared a brief study of the existing rodent research that discusses the effects of shift work and extended light exposure on the development of breast cancer in rats. Epithalon has been hypothesized to lower cancer risks in rats, and the article discusses the possibility of its application in mitigating the effects of breast cancer risk. [vi]

Khavinson VKh has proposed a novel and epithalamion-based hypothesis of aging. It is hypothesized that aging is a biological process governed by evolution in which changes in gene expression lead to poorer synthesis of regulatory chemicals, which in turn provokes change and the development of illness. Given the Hayflick limit (the number of times a cell line can divide before it is limited and dies) and the potential telomere-lengthening properties of Epithalon, it is thought that the peptide may overcome these genetic limitations and promote normalized functions. [vii]

Studies suggest the precursor of Epithalon, Epithalamin, has been suggested to induce neurite outgrowth in chick embryos’ cortical and subcortical brain regions in culture and on dorsal root ganglion structures. Epithalamin may promote brain and spinal nerve development. [viii]

Epithalon Peptide Trials and Investigations

Studies suggest Epithalon may significantly reduce the severity of memory impairments in aged rats when tested using a conventional maze procedure. [ix]

Under controlled laboratory circumstances, the formation of cancerous tumors in female mice was examined. The experimental group was given Epithalon 5 days a week. The findings speculated cancer incidence and mortality appeared to be reduced, and no metastases were seen in the cancer subjects who acquired the disease. This suggests Epithalon’s potential is against metastasis. [x]

Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), melatonin, and other antioxidant compounds were examined by Kozina et al., together with Epithalon, to determine their methods of action. In addition to its significant antioxidant potential, Epithalon has been hypothesized to increase the production of SOD, ceruloplasmin, and other antioxidant enzymes, suggesting that it may be even more appropriate than melatonin. Several anti-aging properties of pineal peptides, including Epithalon, were suggested in this study. [xi]

Female rhesus monkeys were given a glucose load to test their tolerance and insulin levels. The results suggested Epithalon seemed to reverse the decline in glucose tolerance that occurred with aging and normalized how insulin responds to glucose. [xii]

Scientists speculate Epithalon was suggested to protect the retina and enhance its function in rats with hereditary pigmentary retinal degeneration compared to control rats. [xiii]

The common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, was exposed to Epithalon while still in the egg and larval stages of development. Epithalon seemed to prolong the lives of flies by 11-16% when introduced.

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Studies suggest the precursor of Epithalon, Epithalamin, was suggested to increase melatonin production in older test subjects. Deeper sleep quality appeared to be the consequence. Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, jet lag, and nocturnal hypertension are among conditions that have been suggested to benefit from elevated melatonin levels.

More investigation is required to explore Epitalon’s potential breadth of applicability in scientific research. Only academic and scientific institutions can use peptides. If you are a licensed academic interested in buying peptides for your clinical studies, click here to visit the Biotech Peptides website, a supplier of high-quality peptides. Please be aware that none of the compounds mentioned are approved for human or animal consumption. Laboratory research compounds are only for in-vitro and in-lab use. Any kind of physical introduction is illegal. Only authorized professionals and working scientists may make purchases. The content of this piece is intended only for instructional purposes.

References

[i] Adv Gerontol. 2012;25(3):478-82. [Peptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly and interferon gamma: their role in immune response during aging]. [Article in Russian] Lin’kova NS, Kuznik BI, Khavinson VKh.

[ii] Adv Gerontol. 2013;26(2):263-274. [Protective effect of melatonin and epithalon on hypothalamic regulation of reproduction in female rats in its premature aging model and on estrous cycles in senescent animals in various lighting regimes]. [Article in Russian; Abstract available in Russian from the publisher] Korenevsky AV1, Milyutina YP1, Bukalyov AV2, Baranova YP2, Vinogradova IA2, Arutjunyan AV1.

[iii] J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2017 Jul 26;28(4):295-313. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0116. Artificial light-at-night – a novel lifestyle risk factor for metabolic disorder and cancer morbidity. Zubidat AE1, Haim A1.

[iv] Chronobiol Int. 2017;34(2):203-211. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1259241. Epub 2016 Dec 20. The association between artificial light at night and prostate cancer in Gwangju City and South Jeolla Province of South Korea. Kim KY1, Lee E2, Kim YJ2, Kim J2.

[v] Integr Cancer Ther. 2017 Dec;16(4):451-463. doi: 10.1177/1534735416678983. Epub 2016 Nov 29. Illuminating a Risk for Breast Cancer: A Preliminary Ecological Study on the Association Between Streetlight and Breast Cancer. Keshet-Sitton A1, Or-Chen K1, Huber E1, Haim A1.

[vi] – Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2003 Jun;46(3):221-34. The role of pineal gland in breast cancer development.Anisimov VN1.

[vii]  Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002;23 Suppl 3:11-144. Peptides and Ageing. Khavinson VKh1.

[viii]  Neurosci Behav Physiol. 2000 May-Jun;30(3):261-5. Studies of cytokines in nerve tissue cultures. Chalisova NI1, Khavinson VK.

[ix] Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2006 Nov-Dec;69(6):13-6. [Comparative study of the effects of melatonin and epitalon on the protracted memory under the shuttle labyrinth test conditions in rats in the course of aging]. [Article in Russian] Vinogradova IA.

[x] In Vivo. 2006 Mar-Apr;20(2):253-7. Effect of the synthetic pineal peptide epitalon on spontaneous carcinogenesis in female C3H/He mice. Kossoy G1, Anisimov VN, Ben-Hur H, Kossoy N, Zusman I.

[xi] Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2007;44 Suppl 1:213-6. Antioxidant properties of geroprotective peptides of the pineal gland. Kozina LS1, Arutjunyan AV, Khavinson VKh.

[xii] Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004 Jul;138(1):80-3. Peptide correction of age-related hormonal dysfunction of the pancreas in monkeys. Goncharova ND1, Vengerin AA, Khavinson VKh, Lapin BA.

[xiii] Bull Exp Biol Med. 2002 Jan;133(1):87-9. Effect of epithalon on age-specific changes in the retina in rats with hereditary pigmentary dystrophy. Khavinson VKh1, Razumovskii MI, Trofimova SV, Grigor’yan RA, Chaban TV, Oleinik TL, Razumovskaya AM.